Block 9: Hakala
The block information contains basic information about the block and events during the growing season, observations, and yield data.
Block 9
Hakala
Block basic information
Area: 11.66 hectares (A: 4.95 ha, B: 5.03 ha)
Soil type: rich loamy clay (rmHeS), fertile sandy moraine (mHtMr)
Diverse block with multiple soil types. The diversity does not significantly affect cultivation activities, as the block is large in size. At the bottom of the block is a nature conservation field bordering a lake (1.34 hectares).
Crop rotation
2026 A: Pea, B: Winter wheat
2025 A: Winter rye wheat, B: Silage grass
2024 Silage grass
Cultivation practices
A: Pea (4,32ha)
9.9.2025 Plowing
30.4.2026 Levelling harrowing
4.5.2026 Harrowing
6.5.2026 Sowing, pea Heikki 260 kg/ha
B: Winter wheat (6ha)
10.9.2025 Plowing
10.9.2025 Disc harrowing
11.9.2025 Fertilization, cattle slurry 10 tn/ha
11.9.2025 Sowing, Winter wheat Turanus 270 kg + catchcrop mixture 0,9 kg
11.9.2025 Fertilization, YaraSuna Bio Plus (10-3-1) 163 kg/ha
11.9.2025 Sowing, catchcrop mixture 9 kg/ha
10.4.2026 Fertilization, Fertilex (4-1-2) 180 kg/ha
17.4.2026 Fertilization, Tracegrow zimaco-pro 1,5 l/ha
22.4.2026 Fertilization, cattle slurry + NK boost 2026 15 tn/ha
12.5.2026 Fertilization, Combooster 40 l/ha
C: Biofumigation crop mixture (0,28ha)
30.4.2026 Levelling harrowing
28.5.2026 Harrowing
29.5.2026 Sowing Naturcom maanparannus juureva 20 kg/ha
Growth observation
Observations made by students 5.11.2025
| Field | Sprouts (amount/m2) | Development stage (Zadoks) | Weeds (amount, harmfullness) |
| Even crop, mainly good but some thinner spots here and there | 310 | Tillers: 2-3, leafs: 4, height 11 cm | Wild radish, red clover, scentless mayweed and knotgrass |
| 380 | Zadoks: 14, tillers 2-3, leafs: 5, height: 9 cm | Wild radish, red clover, scentless mayweed and knotgrass | |
| 350 | Zadoks: 14, tillers: 2-3, leafs: 5, korkeus 8 | Wild radish, red clover, scentless mayweed and knotgrass | |
| 140 | Zadoks: 14, tillers: 2-3, leafs: 5, height: 9 cm | Wild radish, red clover, scentless mayweed and knotgrass |
Observations made by students 8.4.2026
| sample | sprouts/m2 |
| 1 | 852 |
| 2 | 916 |
| 3 | 836 |
| 4 | 532 |
21.5.2026 Sprouts per squaremeter in the winter wheat crop.
| sample | seedlings/m2 |
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 112 |
| 3 | 80 |
| 4 | 120 |
25.5.2026 Pea seedlings per squaremeter.
| sample | heads/test area | heads/m2 | grains/head | Potential yield (kg/ha) |
| 1 | 134 | 536 | 32,4 | 8670 |
| 2 | 121 | 424 | 34,2 | 8260 |
| 3 | 111 | 444 | 36,9 | 8180 |
| 4 | 107 | 428 | 30 | 6410 |
| average | 118,25 | 473 | 33,375 | 7880 |
| sample | heads/test area | heads/m2 | grains/head | Potential yield (kg/ha) |
| 1 | 96 | 384 | 33,6 | 6440 |
| 2 | 112 | 448 | 47,4 | 10600 |
| 3 | 106 | 424 | 42,9 | 9080 |
| 4 | 110 | 440 | 37,8 | 8300 |
| average | 106 | 424 | 40,425 | 8600 |
Cultivation measures
A: Winter rye-wheat
6.9. Sowing: SU Toppus 318 kg/ha
Cultivation measures
Silage grass
9.6. Fertilization: cattle slurry 33.2 tn/ha
5.6. Harvesting of silage into a stack, yield 1466.96 kg DM/ha
23.7. Harvesting of silage into a stack, yield 1703 kg DM/ha
10.9. Harvesting of silage into a stack, yield 1703 kg DM/ha
Cultivation measures
A: Silage grass
27.4.2023 Fertilization: cattle slurry 20 tn/ha
18.6.2023 Fertilization: cattle slurry 8 tn/ha and Soilfood Boost NKS Premium 2 tn/ha
8.6.2023 Mowing
9.6.2023 Baling, yield 2130.71 kg DM/ha
7.8.2023 Silage harvesting, yield 3966.67 kg DM/ha
19.9.2023 Silage harvesting, yield 1642.06 kg DM/ha
B: Whole grain silage + grass seed
6.5.2023 Cultivation
14.5.2023 Fertilization: 20 tons/ha of cattle manure
15.5.2023 Harrowing
22.5.2023 Seeding: spring wheat + peas + grass seed
29.5.2023 Rolling
6.9.2023 Silage harvesting, yield 3577.23 kg DM/ha
Cultivation measures
A: Silage grass
6.5.2022 Replanting, 20kg/ha, Bluegrass, English ryegrass
13.6.2022 Cleaning mowing
17.6.2022 Fertilization, Cattle manure
4.7.2022 Cleaning mowing
1.8.2022 Silage harvesting, bale, yield 500 kg/ha
B: Forage maize, Joy (whole grain silage)
6.5.2022 Fertilization, Cattle slurry 40tn/ha
10.5.2022 Plowing
18.5.2022 Harrowing
19.5.2022 Discing
19.5.2022 Harrowing
19.5.2022 Seeding, Grass mixture
20.5.2022 Seeding, Maize, Joy, 10kg/ha
2.8.2022 Mowing and crushing, Maize, Low and poor growth
7.10.2022 Plowing, After maize harvest
Data was collected from the plot during the growing season on a data collection form.
Watch the video of corn planting from 2021 here:
Cultivation measures
Wheat, Helmi (4.53ha)
16.5.2021 Leveling cultivation
16.5.2021 Cultivation twice, with a penetrating goose foot blade
16.5.2021 Fertilization, cattle manure 17.3 tn/ha and Ecolan Agra (3-0-0) 170 kg/ha
16.5.2021 Sowing: Wheat, Pearl 250 kg/ha
10.6.2021 Sowing: Retu – loosening feed mixture 28 kg/ha
5.7.2021 Spraying, BioNue 4ha
11.8.2021 Harvesting, yield 1977 kg/ha
Forage maize, Joy and Ambient (4.84ha)
16.5.2021 Fertilization, cattle manure 45 tn/ha and Ecolan Agra (3-0-0) 450 kg/ha
1.-2.6.2021 Two passes of harrowing, penetrating goosefoot blade
3.6.2021 Sowing: Corn, Joy 82.6 kg/ha and Ambient 10.3 kg/ha
15.9.2021 Corn harvest, yield 5101 kg/ha
Protected Zone
18.6.2021 Mowing
18.-21.6.2021 Tedding
21.6.2021 Raking and baling of dry hay, yield 1848 kg/ha
18.9.2021 Silage harvesting, yield 709 kg/ha
Cooperation
2021-2022 Silage Cultivation, read more here: Organic Silage for Cows at Mustiala Farm Poster 20199
Cultivation measures
Broad bean Kontu
28.4.2020 Plowing, 4.5 ha eastern edge
4.-5.5.2020 Harrowing, penetrating goosefoot blade
5.5.2020 Seeding, cowpea, Kontu, 260 kg/ha + mixed grain, spring wheat, Amaretto, 50 kg/ha, approximately 1.5 ha area on the left edge
21.-23.9.2020 Harvesting, Yield 2063 kg/ha
12.10.2020 Plowing, 4.5 ha eastern edge
Perennial silage grass
Fertilization, cattle slurry + vinasse 30 tn/ha
10.6.2020 Mowing
11.6.2020 Baling
30.7.2020 Mowing
31.7.2020 Baling
Cultivation measures
Rye, Reetta
7.9.2018 Sowing, Reetta 170 kg/ha
30.4.2019 Fertilization, 25 tons/ha of cattle manure
26.8.2019 Harvest, yield 2100 kg/ha
28.9.2019 Plowing (approx. 6 ha)
Silage grass
4.6.2019 Harvest, yield 1700 kg/ha
6.6.2019 Fertilization, cattle manure 25 tn/ha
20.7.2019 Harvest, yield 1400 kg/ha
4.9.2019 Harvest, yield 1900 kg/ha
Cultivation measures
Silage grass
9.5.2018 Spreading of cattle manure 20 tn/ha
6.6.2018 Mowing
6.6.2018 Raking
6.6.2018 Harvest 43,200 kg, 1,511 kg/ha
9.6.2018 Manure 19 tn/ha
1.8.2018 Harvest 1,017 kg/ha
17.8.2018 Manure 12 tn/ha
27.8.2018 Plowing
3.9.2018 Harrowing
7.9.2018 Sowing of autumn rye Reetta
Silage grassland
14.5.2018 Spring tine harrowing
16.5.2018 Sowing: Retu-fluffy feed mixture: (timothy 40%, reed canarygrass Retu/Karolina 25%, bluegrass SW Nexus/Live 20%, Italian ryegrass Meroa 5%, red clover Saija/SW Yngve 5%, alsike clover Frida/Aurora 3%, white clover Jögeva4 2%)
20.9.2018 Harvest 1077 kg DM/ha
Cultivation measures
Silage grass
2.5.2017 Fertilizer application: YaraMila Y1 27-1.3-4 350 kg/ha (93.1-4.5-15)
24.5.2017 Weed spraying with Mcpa 1l/ha
16.6.2017 Silage harvest 4543 kg DM/ha
20.6.2017 YaraBela Selenium saltpeter 27-0-1 200 kg/ha (56.6-0-2 kg/ha)
28.6.2017 Separated slurry liquid 25 m³/ha (35-6.3-60 kg/ha)
1.8.2017 Silage harvest 4456 kg DM/ha
16.8.2017 Cattle slurry 18 m³/ha (48-10.4-54 kg/ha) (soluble)
20.9.2017 Silage harvest 1432 kg DM/ha. Total yield 10432 kg DM/ha.
Cultivation measures
Images of different stages of growth season
Analysis of raw samples (Valma):
Analysis of raw samples (Valma):
Finished silage analysis (Valma):
Block 9A (8.94ha) has a variety of different soil types. In addition to the variation in soil types, the shape of the block is unclear, which significantly affects cultivation activities. Planting is not usually suitable for all parts at the same time. Block 9B (1.38ha) is a nature conservation field. A very dense clay section has been separated from the back for use as a nature conservation field. This part could be considered for future experimentation with plants such as radishes, whose roots could help soften the topsoil. Block 91A (1.34ha) is a buffer zone. This part is also dense clay. Good grass was harvested from the block, with even clover present in the summer of 2016.
Soil fertility analysis result on 26.11.2021:
Hakala sampling lines 9-11:
Earth NIR analysis (11/26/2021), line 9
Soil fertility analysis result on May 2nd, 2018.
Soil fertility analysis result 2014:
2026 A: pea, B: Winter wheat
2025: A: Winter rye wheat, B: Silage grass
2024 Silage grass
2023 Spring wheat+peas (whole grain silage) + silage grass
2022 Forage maize (whole grain silage) + silage grass
2021 A: Wheat, Helmi; B: Forage maize, Joy
2020 Pea Kontu + silage grass
2019 A: Rye, Reetta, and B: grass
2018 Silage grass
2017 Silage grass
2016 Silage grass
2015 Oats
2014 Spring rapeseed Juliet
2013 Spring wheat Anniina
2012 Spring rapeseed Aurea
2011 Spring wheat Anniina
2010 Pea Kontu